How We Worked Out Our Hill Problems

How We Worked Out Our Hill Problems

If you have been reading about Trifecta's trail adventures from the beginning, you will know that he has had problems controlling his speed going downhill for a long time.  I don't think this is an uncommon problem with young horses at all.  That is, unless they lived in the mountains of West Virginia like Dante.  Cruiser and Cole had no control over their feet going down hills, and I was able to teach them how to do it in just one session by going up and down the hill over and over until they slowed down.  I did it with Cruiser in the saddle, and I did it with Cole on foot.  After just one session, I only had to fine tune their training.  

That didn't work with Trifecta.  He would rush down the hill, we would turn around and do it again once or twice and he would seem fine.  The next time--he would be back to rushing again.  Sometimes he would do well for one or two times--and then he would revert again.  This went on over so many rides.  He just didn't seem to be able to consistently control his hindquarters.

It helped if I stopped him when he got too fast so he could get himself together before proceeding.  Sometimes I had to stop him multiple times to make it down a short slope.

In the early days, he had trouble going uphill, too.  He would put his head way up into the air and with great no coordination, rush up.  Ellen solved this problem for me.  Most people with clicker trained horses teach their horse to lower his head on command by pointing down.  It is one of the easiest things to do.  I also taught Trifecta to lower his head when I was in the saddle by jiggling the rein.  Ellen recognized that Trifecta's problem was that he wasn't using his head correctly.  While we were going up a steep slope, she walked beside him, bent over and pointed to the ground to encourage him to lower his head--it worked like magic.  The very first time, he discovered it was easier to walk up the hill if his head was lowered and he used it like a fulcrum.  That became his verbal command.  "Fulcrum."  I never had any more problems going up hills after that.  We just "fulcrum" up.

The down hill problems persisted.  I am so glad that Ellen has spent a lot of time walking with us on our rides because she figured out how to explain to Trifecta how to go down hills.  We started to realize how much he was paying attention to the way that she was moving.  Ellen showed him what we wanted.  We decided on the command, "control," because he needed to get control of his body.  We have 2 short, steep slopes we have to go down to get to the first river crossing.  Ellen tried shifting her weight back, deliberately placing her feet and making hand motions to simulate his front feet.  My job was to lightly squeeze alternating reins as he stepped down.  I didn't think that that would help him--I was doing that to teach him a cue from the saddle.  

As we would go down the slopes, she would say "control" and use her body language.  He would watch her--and then he started to match her steps.  I couldn't believe it when it seemed to work.  This wasn't the instant cure like "fulcrum," but it was helping.  It didn't take long before he started to watch her hands whenever we needed controlled walking--such as going down the steep river bank--another thing I had been struggling with.

Lately, she has intentionally left me alone to go down the slopes.  I say "control" and give him his rein cues, and it has been nothing short of amazing to me.  When he is really good, I will give him a click/treat to let him know, but I don't do it all the time, and he doesn't seem to care.  I think this is another instance of us showing him how to do something easier--and he likes it better.

Back to Trifecta's ability to follow hand signals; we had one other extraordinary incident.  A few weeks ago, we had some much needed rain, river bank was muddy.  If we ride the horses way on the left side of the trail, the mud isn't so bad.  There is a lot of mud if you ride down the center of the trail.  If we go way to the right--it is horrible.  That morning, Trifecta saw all the mud and decided he would try going on the right side since it didn't look as muddy as it actually is.  When I realized what he was going to try to do, I stopped him and tried to guide him to the far left--but we would have to cross the muddy center.  I called to Ellen.  She came over, talked to Tri to get his attention, walked to the far left, stooped over and with both hands pointed exactly where she wanted to go.  Wouldn't you know that he immediately marched across the bad mud to the spot she pointed where the mud wasn't as bad and then marched down to the river.  I was simply shocked.  This wasn't something we trained for--he just deduced what we wanted him to do.

Sometimes we just need to think outside the box when we train horses.  With Trifecta, it is a common occurrence.  

A Most Wonderful Ride

 A Most Wonderful Ride

I rode Trifecta out with Kevin and Starry--something we have only done a couple times before.  Ellen planned to join us on foot, but we decided the river would be way too cold for her to cross.  She said she would drive down to the park and meet us on the other side of the river.  Just in case there might be a problem, she would wear her old shoes so she could cross and help us out.

There was one thing that Kevin and I were a little worried about.  With the last rain, a large log was washed up on the shore right where we cross.  When I rode Trifecta down the hill the day before, he saw it and got very worried about it.  I didn't take him down the river bank to see it, since I didn't plan to cross, but I allowed him to stare at it for a couple of minutes.  He doesn't get worried about many things, so I took his concerns seriously.  Kevin was a bit worried how Starry would do, too.  His vision doesn't seem as good as it used to be, and sometimes he thinks the most normal things are a threat.  That is why I was really glad Ellen would be on the other side of the river.

Leading down the street, mounting and riding down the hill went so awesome that I thought someone switched my horse with a much older, more experienced one.  Trifecta led the way down, which always makes Starry a happy horse, because he just doesn't like to be a leader. 

When I made the turn to go down the river bank, Trifecta immediately saw the log and his head went way up in the air.  Before he could act out, Ellen started calling him on the other side of the river.  He was so happy that she was there that he hurried down the river bank to the edge of the water--then he noticed the log again.  His head went up, and his eyes got big.  I told him to go walk up to it and take a look.  He was torn between curiosity and caution, but he got close enough that if he really stretched his neck he could touch it.  I told him to try, so he did.  When he touched it and realized it was just a piece of wood, he immediately, and I mean immediately, decided it wasn't worth one more moment of his time.  Instead, he turned and looked across the river.  By now, Starry was also by the river and was unconcerned by the log.  Trifecta focused on Ellen and decided crossing would be the most fun thing to do.

He did get a click for stepping into the water.  He then crossed like a gentleman, walked up the river bank and turned to the right.  Now, this is really big because on the last few rides, he has been fighting me about wanting to go to the left--refusing to follow Ellen or the other horses.  I clicked him for it and gave him his treat.  When I restarted him, he tried to spin to the left.  

I have been experimenting up at the barn with how to thwart this behavior.  Even up there, he had been getting stubborn, trying to explore areas where I didn't want him--and then things would spiral out of control.  All the big trainers suggested keeping him moving to control his feet to deter him from wanting to go the places I didn't want him to go.  That did work when he would enter the indoor arena when I wanted to ride past the door, but it didn't seem to help anywhere else.  On the trail, our disagreements involved him wanting to go on little trails that lead to the river or out to the street.  His worst spot--and the spot where the whole habit began was at Willow Bend.  I went through a couple weeks of extreme frustration.  

With a lot of thought and observations, I decided he either enjoyed the conflict or felt that it was what I wanted.  I decided to try something new--I would stop.  It seems counter intuitive to stop him--because stopping can also be misinterpreted as a reward--but keeping him moving just kept things getting worse and worse.  I just had to make sure I stopped him when we were facing the direction that I wanted to go.

The first time I tried this at the barn, he was trying to go down the driveway that goes behind the barn instead of staying on the track.  I forced him into a turn and stopped him so he was facing the track.  We stood for about a minute, I asked him to walk and he did--right back on the track.  This didn't solve all my problems; we still had a lot of work to do, but now at least I had something that had a chance of working.  We practiced it a lot up at the barn.

So when we went up the river bank, stopped for a click/treat and he tried to go to the left--I circled him around to face the right, stopped him for a few moments and asked him to walk where I wanted him to--and he did!!!  The plan worked even out on the trail.  

We headed out on our ride.  Trifecta was leading with Ellen walking alongside us.  He was really behaving well.  When we got to those little trails that were giving us problems, I could feel him bending to go down them.  I just bent him the other way--a thing I was working on with him in the arena for the last few weeks for just this reason, (shoulder-in) and it worked.

The next big test was Willow Bend.  There I had to turn him to the right and go down a short slope at the same time.  Ellen walked with us on the left side to discourage him from wanting to go straight instead of turning.  I felt him bend--and down we went!  This is the first time I have been able to get him down the slope without even a little resistance--and usually a lot of resistance.  He got a click for that, too.

I told Ellen that I thought I would trot a little.  Since Kevin was planning to just walk, she said she would fade off and walk with Kevin.  Trifecta marched on down the trail, but he didn't seem too keen on trotting.  I had him walk a ways so we could get around a bend and no longer see Ellen and Starry.  I then asked him to trot, which he reluctantly did.  I kept him going until I could feel him moving in a more forward manner and clicked him.  When I asked him to trot again, he went more willingly and much faster.  After a while, we stopped and just walked.  

The park had been working on the pedestrian bridge earlier, but it seemed like they were done so I was going to ride until we reached the next river crossing--our usual turning spot.  We were nearly there when I started hearing pounding and electric saws.  That really disturbed the little guy, so we just stood to allow him to listen for a few minutes.  As I started to turn him to go back towards home, he tried to zoom forward.  I made him stop and stand and then tried again.  This time, he was a little better, but still wanted to rush.  I don't know if it was because of the construction noise or because he wanted to get back to his buddies--who were now approaching.  We managed to work through everything, catch up with them and then headed on home.

He was walking much faster, so we practiced stopping and waiting for Starry to catch up a lot.  It is a good lesson to learn; patience.  At the river crossing, we left Ellen, who I am certain was happy that she didn't have to cross the ice cold water.

I decided to try letting Starry go first up the hill.  Immediately, Trifecta wanted to walk up to him and start playing.  This became the biggest challenge of the ride.  I just wouldn't let Tri get close enough to Starry to harass him.  After a few minutes, Trifecta settle down and followed behind Starry at a safe distance.  About halfway up the hill, we practiced stopping and waiting for Starry to get further ahead--the reverse of stopping and waiting for him to catch up.  It is funny how the exact same exercise is emotionally completely different depending on where you do it.  We were about 2 thirds up the hill when Kevin was able to stop Starry and Trifecta peacefully passed him--the final test--and he passed.

Overall, I was very pleased with the ride.  Of course, it wasn't perfect, but I saw improvements and we both had fun.  I can't wait to do it again.

Fairy Floss Update

  Fairy Floss Update

I have had Fairy Floss for more than a year now, and she went from a special needs cat that I wanted to help in tribute to my previous cat, Thunder, to being my best little pal.

As you may recall, I adopted her from the Cleveland Animal Protective League because nobody wanted her.  She has skin allergies that were hard to control.  She was at the APL for 6 months, except for a short time she was out for adoption and was returned because of her allergies.

I was able to manage them fairly well through last fall and winter, but they flared up in the spring, so we were back to the vet.  We did some experimentation with bathing, worming and medicines before the vet figured out where most of the problem was stemming from.  A blood test showed that she was allergic to a number of things but most allergic to yeast--and she was getting yeast infections in her ears.  Now, I treat her ears once a month and flush them out twice a week.  She is still itchier than the average cat, but she is so much better and doesn't need any other sort of treatment.  The hair is growing back on her belly!

Then there was the incident with her torn ligaments in June.  Most of the problem was caused by her getting tangled up in my legs, but some of it might have stemmed from all the steroids she had been on to treat her allergies.  Steroids can cause ligaments to weaken--which I am positive contributed to Cruiser's torn suspensory after we treated him for a few months with steroids for that awful cough he had.  Anyway, the operation was a success.  I did everything the vet said, and she healed quickly, but she still had a little limp.  The vet felt she may never have full extension of the leg after the operation.

Once she was cleared to have regular activity, I set up a physical therapy box for her.  It is a long, low box with three poles to step over in it.  So, she has to step over the side of the box, step over each pole and step out of the box.  If that wasn't enough, I put a small box outside each end of the physical therapy box for her to step up onto each time.

You may wonder how I got Fairy Floss to participate in her physical therapy sessions--with clicker training, of course.  She was a clicker cat before that accident ever happened.  I had her jumping over jumps and through a hoop, climbing up boxes and spinning.  It took no time at all to teach her a physical therapy routine.  She just loves it.  She would go through it 12 to 15 times a session.  

Wouldn't you know it--my instincts were right.  She no longer limps; even at a trot.  

The silver lining to the dark cloud of the accident was that the x-rays showed that Fairy Floss has severe arthritis in her hips.  I am now treating that, too.  She can run faster than ever!

She has become extremely attached to me and follows me all over the house, sleeps with me at night and loves to cuddle.  The only way I could have a better cat was to get Thunder back--she is that great.  She lost her home because her previous owners got a baby and she became depressed and quit using her litter box--a terrible thing to happen to a cat.  I am so happy I was able to give her a happy ending to her sad story--and she did the same for me.

I am so glad to adopted special needs cat.  

A Blog-Free Ride

 A Blog-Free Ride

If you are looking for some exciting reading here, you can just give up on it.  There is nothing to write here, and I am so happy about it.

We decided to take Trifecta on a ride in the "other" direction.  Yes, when he crossed the river, we planned to go to the left instead of the right.  Going to the right is a much easier ride.  It is also prettier and has better places to trot.  Another advantage is that you can go further without having to cross the river a second time.  For all these reasons, we ride to the right more often then we ride to the left with all the horses.

I have only ridden Trifecta to the left once and that was about a month ago.  It wasn't the greatest ride.  He did well until we were going down the hill that leads to the second river crossing.  We were partially down when someone came galloping up the hill at top speed towards us.  I didn't know how Trifecta would handle that, but he managed to do it with much composure.  The rider struggled to stop before reaching us, but she did stop in time.  She warned us that there was a man on a horse that was going to be coming up right after her, so we were braced for it.  A minute later, we could see him down by the river.  We yelled down to him to not run his horse, and he struggled to keep him at a walk in vain.  Finally, he jumped off his horse and led him up the hill.  We thanked the rider for his consideration, and we proceeded down to the river.

I have no problems running up hills, but I will only do it when I know I will be able to stop my horse.  Also, I make sure my horses understand that we will only run up a hill when it is my idea.  They must know how to walk up a hill before I will ever let them run up it.  Some horses just love to do it too much--and there might be someone with a green horse coming down the hill...

That morning, Ellen and I were a little shaken up after that experience.  When we got down to the river, we discovered the bank was very muddy and the weeds were very high on both sides, making the river bank very narrow.  I asked Trifecta to go down it, and he was hesitant about the mud.  When he got to the bottom, he skirted along the narrow edge of the bank--doing everything in his power to avoid stepping into the river.  I wasn't going to make a big fuss about it--as I didn't plan to cross that day, anyway, but Boy did I struggle trying to get him to turn around to go back up.  After that, we just went back home.

Now, for our second trip on this trail.  Ellen was joining me on foot once again.  As we were leading down the driveway, Simon, our lovely barn cat friend, jumped out of the bushes to greet us.  He then wanted to follow us down the driveway, so Ellen picked him up to bring him back to the barn.  I decided to just go on without her and let her catch up with me.  

I led Trifecta down the driveway and down the street with no incident.  I mounted Trifecta from the ground, asked him to go forward and away we went.  As we got to the first slope, I looked back and saw that Ellen had caught up with us, but she was staying back so I could do everything on my own.  He was perfect all the way down the hill until we got to the river bank.  It was very muddy from some recent rain, and he decided he would go around the mud by going to the right.  Now, I know from experience that it is extremely muddy in the direction he wanted to go.  The best way to go is all the way to the left side of the bank.  I was struggling with him.  Ellen saw and called to him and clearly pointed to where we wanted him to go.  Not for the first time, Trifecta followed her hand directions and corrected his course.  I have never known a horse to be so in tune to his people.

He was a little slow to step into the water, but he has been lately.  When he did go in the water, he walked right across without any fussing this time.  He got clicks and treats for doing so well.

Trifecta was very excited when we turned to the left after crossing the river and marched down the trail; looking everywhere.  After a short distance, we have to cross the street.  There was no traffic, so we went straight across.  On the other side of the street, there is a short but very steep hill to go up.  He marched up the hill in perfect form.  At the top, we stopped so he and Ellen could catch their breath.  We walked across the top and headed down the other side.  This is where we had the problem with the running horse.  This time, the trail was clear so we rode right down to the river.  I didn't plan to cross it, but I wanted to see if he would step in it this time.  The path was still very narrow, and the bank was muddy, but he went straight down, paused at the water and stepped right in!  Hurray!  He got a click and a treat.  I asked him to take a few more steps, which he did willingly and he was clicked again.  I slowly and carefully turned him around in the water, and we walked up the muddy bank and headed up the hill.

Partially up the hill there is another trail that just goes out to the street that we like to take just to get a little longer ride.  Trifecta had never been on it, before, so we gave it a try.  We weren't that far along when a group of about 10 runners came flying down the trail towards us.  We asked them to stop and walk past, and they did--warning us that there were a lot more coming.  No sooner did they say that when we saw another group--and then another.  Trifecta was perfect for all the runners.

We got to the end of the trail, turned around and headed back towards home.  Our next big challenge was riding down the short, steep slope that leads to the road crossing.  He has struggled from day one with going down steep slopes, but recently he has learned how to control his feet.  This would be a huge test for him.  He was amazingly perfect.  We crossed the street and went to our first river crossing.  There he went right down the river bank and crossed like a dream.  We rode home with no incidents.  Trifecta was nearly perfect on a challenging ride.  All the pieces are starting to fall into place...

I am still smiling...

More Group Rides

 More Group Rides

Our next opportunity to take Trifecta with another horse came about a week later.  This time, we chose to take him with Cole.  Ellen loves spending time with Cole, so she was all for the idea.

Cole hasn't spent much time with Trifecta, so Tri was very curious about him.  Once again, I had to continually remind Trifecta to not crowd Cole.  It wasn't so bad at a walk, but when we tried to trot together, Trifecta kept trying to rush up behind Cole.  We practiced it in short spurts, and he did start to improve.  Finally, we tried trotting with Trifecta in the lead.  That worked so much better.  We did see some people we knew but only stopped for a minute to say, "Hello," and then headed on our way.  Ellen stopped and talked to them for a few minutes and left us to go on our own.  Trifecta didn't mind leaving Cole at all.  All was going well when we suddenly heard hoof beats rapidly approaching--Cole was catching up; and he was catching up fast.  I stopped and turned Tri to watch, and Ellen stopped Cole at a safe distance.  I was glad Trifecta handled it with such maturity.

We walked all the way home with no incident except for Trifecta trying to rush up the river bank to catch up with Cole, again.  This time wasn't as bad, but it did show us that Trifecta was bothered when the fellow horses went out of sight.

The next week, we tried a ride with Dante.  Dante added a complication--he walks too slow for Trifecta.  Tri was also more determined to crowd him than he was with Cole--since they are best buddies.  Trotting was trickier for the same reason.  Don't get me wrong--there were some wonderful moments, but we had to work for them.  

The most difficult thing he did on that ride was when we crossed the river to go home.  Because of his rushing, we had him go first.  He didn't want to go down the bank.  Once we did, he went right into the water and started crossing fine.  About halfway across, he changed his trajectory to go downstream.  I had a tough time straightening him out, and when I finally got him to the other side, he tried to circle and go back into the water.  I made him stand while Ellen crossed, and we followed them up the bank.

I was totally confused by the behavior, and then it dawned on my in a frightening way--I think he wanted to explore the large hornet's nest that is hanging off a tree branch in the center of the river--about horse height!  Not a good idea!

On the next ride, we went back to Cole.  Trifecta was better with Cole this time than he was the first time, but we still had our frustrations.  When we crossed the river on the way out, Trifecta wanted to go to the left on the trail, and we wanted to go to the right.  That involved a lot of small circles and frustration.  He was also worse about going around the corner at Willow Bend.  That has been an issue all along, but instead of getting better, it has been getting worse.  I have a plan for that for the next ride.

Once again, he didn't want to go down the river bank to go home.  Instead, he wanted to go down the trail in the direction we didn't want him to go when we crossed the river on the way out--more small circles and more frustration.  There were a couple friends on their horses on the other side of the river waiting for us to cross.  Once I got him in the water, he did fine until we were halfway across again.  I wouldn't let him drift downstream to visit the hornet's nest, so he decided he was just going to stop in the water and wait for me to change my mind.  Nothing would get him going.  Ellen then yelled over to our friends to say something.  When he heard their voices, he got curious and decided to go over to see them.  

The problems I have with him are so odd.  He barely spooks and when he does, the spooks are small.  I certainly understand his fascination with other horses--no is a very friendly fellow.  I know those things will work out in time.  Our biggest disagreements are about which direction we should go, and he is very adamant about it.  Even being able to follow another horse doesn't seem to help.  My gut feeling is that he is curious and wants to explore new areas.  At Willow Bend, there is a short trail that leads out to the street--which he really, really wants to go down instead of the bridle path.  I know that one day I will laugh at all this, but right now, it frustrates me.

We have continued to work in the arena, and he is doing better and better all the time--except when he wants to go one way, and I want to go in another...I am sure it is all connected...

First Group Ride

 First Group Ride

Other than one ride on the hill where Ellen rode Dante with Trifecta and me, she has been accompanying us on foot.  He has been doing so well, that we decided it was time for Mission Chestnut.  We were going to take the chestnuts on a real trail ride together for the first time.

We chose a weekday morning when the park would be the quietest.  Well, we always are riding on weekday mornings, but this time, Cole would have to wait until later for his ride.  We led the horses to the mounting block at the trail head and saw an old friend, Chris, on her horse, Gus, coming towards us.  She said there were vehicle tracks on the hill and voices at the bottom, so she didn't feel comfortable riding by herself and was going back to her barn.  I invited her to join us.  If they were doing trail maintenance, it would be a short ride, but if not--it was too pretty of a morning to not go on a trail ride.

We mounted and headed on down the hill.  Trifecta was transfixed with Gus, and he kept trying to get close to him.  I, in turn, kept asking him with my leg to move away from Gus.  We got to practice this move many times over the ride, and he got more and more sensitive to my leg--what a wonderful lesson.  He learned to not crowd other horses and to respond to lighter leg pressure.  I am sure it will transfer to other situations.

We didn't get far down the hill at all when we saw the park's Cushman tooling up the trail.  We told Chris to not worry--they would stop as soon as they saw us--and they did.  The park maintenance people are always very considerate to horseback riders.  I can't say enough about them.  They completely stopped their vehicle, and the horses, including little Trifecta, marched right by.  Now we knew that the trail ride was on because they were just driving through to inspect the trails.  

When we got down to the river, Gus stepped in to take a drink.  Trifecta did the same, but he decided he wasn't thirsty and got tired of waiting for Gus, so he crossed.  That is great because lately he has been oddly sticky at the river.  He wants to wander upstream and downstream instead of going across.  The other horses followed, and away we went.

I warned Chris that she just might end up in a blog--hoping that it would be a good one.  Gus took the lead.  Though he is a gaited horse, he walks at a normal speed.  Trifecta followed, and Dante took up the rear.  Trifecta wanted to be with Gus, but then he would change his mind and refuse to go forward because he wanted to follow Dante.  I just couldn't get him to go--so I brought him behind Dante--then he wanted to be with Gus again.  This happened a few times--the worst time was at the Willow Bend spot where we have struggled with for quite a few rides.  He refused to go down the rocky slope until he saw Dante head down--then he marched right after him--then past him--then past Gus.  He was going to be the leader.  

The Cushman showed up again--since they were inspecting this trail, too.  Of course, they stopped the vehicle to let us go by.  Trifecta barely even glanced at them.  Ellen stopped and told them about a different river crossing where the weeds were very tall and encroaching the trail--making it very narrow.  They said they would take a look at it.  There are a lot of disadvantages to riding in a very suburban park that is close to traffic and filled with a lot of park users--but there are advantages, too.  The trails are maintained and the park staff is very responsive to clearing trees that are blocking the trails and such.

Trifecta marched in the lead until we got to the next river crossing.  He wanted to go play in the water--which we have been doing the last few rides, though we haven't crossed, yet.  We had a little fight to get him to turn around.  At that point, Gus took the lead again, and we headed home.  By this time, Trifecta was happy to follow Gus at an acceptable distance, and we didn't have any trouble until we got back to the river.  Gus and Dante got across and up the bank before Trifecta even got in the water because he was fussing around at the bank.  He crossed the river faster than he has been because the other horses were no longer in sight.  The next thing he did--which Ellen and I both expected--was try to run up the bank to find the other horses--typical baby horse.  I held him back, and he didn't go any faster than a trot--and was walking by the time he got to the top.  There he found the other horses and settled right down.

The rest of the way home was uneventful--just the way I like it.

It was a very successful first group ride, and I am sure they will only get better after this.  

Thanks for the pictures, Chris!

The Next Ride

 The Next Ride

We were back to a weekday ride, so we didn't have as much time to take Trifecta on a real trail ride.  I rode him a little bit in the arena while Ellen cleaned her stall.  When she finished, we went on one trip on the hill.

The plan was to do exactly what we did on the last ride but with a few less clicks.  I clicked for walking a few times at the barn and on the driveway.  He was a little sticky, but not really bad.  Trifecta was happy to march down the street to the trail.  Once I mounted, Ellen walked away and didn't look back.  I asked Trifecta to walk.  He hesitated--then stepped right out!!!  I clicked him after 3 steps.  I meant to go 6 more steps, but in the heat of the moment, I added wrong and thought I should go 8.  I should have stopped at 6, and all would have been fine, but at 8 steps he started to veer off the trail.

I straightened him out, asked him to stop and then asked him to walk.  This time, we made it to 8 steps, and I clicked.  Then next time I went up to 12 steps before clicking.  At that point, I quit counting and only did it when he was doing great.  A few times, he did try to veer a little, and I was able to correct him with my legs.  Overall, he was awesome!  He did learn from the previous ride!

We turned around at the end of the trail and went home with no drama at all.  

My plan is to continue this for a while and keep reducing the clicks.  I believe we are headed in the right direction.